• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The fabric of the invention is a flame retardant fabric for use in personal protective clothing which provides a high level of comfort, protection from flame and other heat sources such as electric arcs and liquid metal splashes, characterized in that it comprises a first fiber component which is a flame retardant fiber and a second fiber component which is silk and may contain a third fiber component.
    公开号:AT513219A1
    申请号:T818/2012
    申请日:2012-07-23
    公开日:2014-02-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    " V " V PL0536 &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; &phis; ΦΦΦ Φ
    Flame retardant textile fabric for Schutzbekleiduna
    Field of the invention
    A novel flame retardant fabric utilizing the characteristics of known flame retardant fibers combined with nonflammable natural fibers has been invented to provide a fabric having superior flame retardancy, superior heat protection properties, surprising physical properties and improved comfort for wear compared to other flame retardant fabrics to give the user.
    Flame Barrier is a property of a material, such as a fiber or fabric, that does not burn in a normal air atmosphere. On contact with a flame, it will not support combustion when the flame is removed. &Quot; & quot flammability; should not be used with " flame retardant " a term used to describe a chemical substance that confers flame retardancy to a fabric. Flame retardant is also used to describe fabrics that have a reduced burn rate but may not provide protection against flames to users.
    It is well known that flame retardant fabrics, especially those made from flame retardant fibers, can be used to provide protection against contact with flames. It is common practice for firefighters to wear garments that protect the user from the flames in a hazardous situation. The garment is intended to prevent direct contact of the clothed user's skin with flames and thereby reduce the risk of suffering from burn injuries.
    I REPLACED 1 PL0536 ········································································································. · «44 44 44 444 444 4
    Other occupational groups that require protection from flames include motorsport, police and security personnel, military personnel, and workers in the gas, petrochemical, and electrical utilities industries. 5
    Protective clothing for protection against liquid metal splashes is used by welders and workers in the metal industry. In the metal industry, large amounts of energy are used to melt metal and generate electric arcs. Therefore, 10 protective clothing is required to provide protection against liquid metal splashes and electric arcs. Staff of
    Electric utilities working on high-voltage equipment can be exposed to small metal splashes if electric arcs are accidentally generated. 15
    It is highly desirable that fabrics used in these applications provide good wearer comfort, have good physical properties, and look-to-color, style, and haptics-suitable for the job. 20
    Persons who wear protective clothing are usually active in stressful environments, where a heavy workload leads to a high consumption of physiological energy. This physiological stress results in the generation of body heat, a higher rate of sweat release, and moisture within the garment. It is highly desirable that fabrics used to make the garments should be able to wick away body heat and moisture to prevent overheating (heat stress) of the user's body. Textile fabrics that allow body heat and moisture to escape provide garments that feel more comfortable to wear and that also increase the amount of work that can be accomplished without exceeding physiological stress levels.
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    ♦ * PL0536 Μ · · · · · • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •.
    It is well known that cellulosic fibers can offer better comfort compared to synthetic fibers. This is because cellulose fibers are hydrophilic and absorb wet steam and liquid water. The regulation of the movement and distribution of water in the fabric is a property inherent in a cellulosic fiber.
    For the intended applications, textile fabrics should remain unaffected by all the activities to which they are subjected. The 10 means that they must have high tensile strength, high abrasion resistance and good Zieherbeständigkeit.
    Textile fabrics must also maintain their appearance over a longer service life. Therefore textile fabrics have to be washable and good wash resistance, low
    Running in, have good pilling behavior and good color fastness to washing and exposure to light. Often, companies that equip workers with personal protective clothing require clothing to match the colors of the garment
    Company corresponds. There are also many instances where the color of a garment is relevant to its function, such as black for the riot police or signal yellow, orange or green for firefighters and industrial workers. Especially in the field of application 25 Motorsport, colors play an essential role in the differentiation and recognition of teams. Therefore, it is highly desirable that fabrics used for these applications can be easily dyed and printed in a wide range of colors and provide good fastness performance. 30
    This invention is a flame retardant fabric suitable for use in garments intended for motorsport professionals, firefighters, petrochemical industry workers, the metalworking industry and utility companies
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    PL0536 to protect against inadvertent contact with flames, liquid metal and electric arcs. The fabric results in garments that are comfortable to wear, have minimal impact on the wearer's physiological performance, and have excellent physical properties.
    State of the art
    Textile materials vary widely in their ability to withstand 10 flames, thus protecting underlying materials. Most fabrics made from natural fibers and synthetic fibers burn when they come into contact with flames. The rate of combustion and ignitability are determined primarily by the chemical nature of the polymer from which the fiber is made and the fabric construction. Many polymers, for example cellulose, polyester and nylon, are highly flammable. The heavier a textile fabric is, the lower the burning rate. Wool is the most widely used natural fiber which, to some degree, has low flammability properties -20 heavy wool fabrics are not easily burned and have been used in firefighter clothing in the past.
    Textile fabrics for protection against liquid metal splashes, which are used in the metal industry, inter alia for welding applications 25, are often very heavy and stiff. The weight of the fabrics is in the range of 330 to 600g / m2. They are made of materials such as the treatment of flame-retardant cotton. Fabric can be treated by applying a suitable chemical to the fabric to make it flame resistant. The first textile fabrics rendered flame resistant by treatment used inorganic salts such as aluminum hydroxide, antimony trioxide and borates to make cotton fabrics
    POSSIBLE 4 PL0536 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• ···································· »to make it flame retardant. These were effective, but not wash-permanent.
    Organic phosphorus-containing compounds that are reacted by either grafting or crosslinking on the cotton are more durable and widely used. Two of the leading brand names are Proban® and Pyrovatex®. Although these equipments are durable, they can be removed by aggressive chemical treatments, and the amount of equipment decreases with an increasing number of wash cycles. The equipment has a detrimental stiffening effect on the fabric. Textile fabrics of this type are used to protect against flames, liquid metal splashes and electric arcs. When in contact with flames, liquid metal or electric arcs, textile fabrics of this type do not burn, but become highly brittle and may break, exposing the wearer's skin to the source of the hazard.
    The first flame-retardant cellulosic artificial fibers that were produced were made by the viscose process. A high viscosity liquid flame retardant additive was dispersed in the spinning solution prior to extrusion of the fiber. The liquid was trapped in the cellulose by physical means in the form of very small bubbles. The result was effective as a flame retardant fiber, however, the additive could be removed by repeated washing. The strength of the fiber decreases in proportion to the amount of incorporated additive. Due to safety concerns, the additive was removed from the market and the production of the fiber stopped. An improved flame retardant viscose fiber can be obtained by means of a
    Solid pigment flame retardant can be produced. A fiber of this type is called " FR Viscose " designated. The pigment is finely ground and mixed with the spinning solution prior to extrusion of the fiber. The result is a dispersion of the insoluble particle additive in the fiber. The strength of the
    POSSIBLE 5 PL0536 * * «« ♦ # »* · · · * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * · · * * * * * »* • i« «**» * a «« ι
    Fiber decreases in proportion to the amount of incorporated additive. All of the cellulose in the fiber contains some of the additive, and the additive can not be removed by washing or normal fabric dyeing or finishing processes. Thus, the result 5 of the process is an inherently flame retardant fiber. A well known fiber of this type is Visil®, which contains silica pigment flame retardants.
    A further improvement can be achieved by incorporating the solid pigment flame retardant into the spinning solution which is used to make 10 modal fibers. The modal procedure is a modified one
    A viscose process designed to produce a fiber with a higher strength and a higher wet modulus than normal viscose. The resulting fiber containing the flame retardant pigment is inherently flame retardant. It is stronger than fibers made by the viscose process and gives fabrics with higher strength and better stability. Fibers of this type are termed " FR Modal " Note, however, that the properties of the fiber do not conform to the BISFA definition of a modal fiber. Proven flame retardant pigments for this type of fiber are organic 20 phosphorus compounds, and a preferred pigment is Exolit® 5060 (2-oxybis [5,5-dimethyl-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane] 2,2'-disulfide). FR Modal is used in 100% form in only a few applications in the apparel sector, for example for metallized textile fabrics or fabrics which are blends of two or more yarns. By itself, its performance is inadequate in many ways compared to other products.
    In the same way Lyocell fibers can be made flame resistant. Due to the different production conditions, different pigments are usually suitable. Fibers of this type are called " Lyocell FR " designated.
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    An alternative approach to making a FR fiber is to modify the polymer from which the fiber is made such that it is inherently difficult to degrease, yet can nevertheless be formed into a fiber. There are numerous examples of such fibers, but the most important are meta-aramid, para-aramid, polybenzimidazole (PBI), FR polyester and modacrylic used in personal protective apparel.
    Flame retardant fibers can often be used alone to produce well-functioning fabrics. They can also be used in mixtures with each other and with non-flame resistant fibers to produce fabrics. Such composite textile sheets may have properties that are a combination of the properties of the fibers forming them.
    Many flame retardant fabrics are available on the market. The most common for personal protective clothing for motorsport are: 100% -combustionable 100% cotton; Mixture of refractory finished cotton and polyamide (typ 85/15); Mixture of flame retardant cotton and polyamide (type 50/50); Blend of modacrylic and cotton (typ. 55/45), 100% meta-aramid; Mixture of meta-aramid and para-aramid (typ. 75/25); Mixture of meta-aramid, para-aramid and antistatic agent (typ. 93/5/2);
    Each of these fabrics has its merits and deficiencies, as shown in Table 2 (see Example 3). The fabric selection process used by apparel manufacturers and designers is based on an assessment of overall performance and the required level of wearer protection based on a risk analysis and requirements of relevant standards.
    REPLACED 7 PL0536
    Flame retardant cotton and cotton blend fabrics exhibit poor to medium performance, mediocre comfort, ease of processing and are the most affordable. Modacrylic compounds show mediocre performance, but poor comfort and cost more.
    Aramid fabrics have good performance and good washing performance but are not comfortable and expensive. Furthermore, fabrics of aramid are difficult to dye in view of poor color, light and rubbing fastness properties. None of the currently available fabrics are rated good in the context of metal spatters or electric arcs. Only the sheet of meta-aramid and FR modal is rated good in terms of break-up behavior.
    Each of the currently available fabrics has shortcomings in one or more respects. Not a single fabric offers good overall performance properties
    Protection, comfort, workability and care at reasonable costs. This is the object of the invention.
    task
    The object of this invention is to produce a fabric for use in personal protective clothing which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art described above.
    It should provide excellent performance in terms of user safety, especially in terms of heat and flame protection. It should also have better comfort and aesthetics than current products to ensure garments made from them meet all performance requirements for the intended uses.
    Currently available on the market offer good protection for the user, but are expensive, which is why they are used only to a limited extent.
    POSSIBLE 8 PL0536 ΦΦ ΦΦ φφφφ φ φ φ »t ♦ · Μ ΦΦ Φ · Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ Φ φ Φ ΦΦΦ Φ Φ Φ Φ * * Φ Φ Φ ΦΦ ΦΦ Φ ΦΦΦ ΦΦΦ #
    They are at least in part made of fibers that offer only poor comfort and may be difficult to produce due to poor dyeability. 5 Currently used textile fabrics are, in particular for the
    Liquid metal industry, stiff and heavy (the weight of the sheets is in the range of 330 to 100g / m2). For utility companies, isolation against electric arcs and improved break-up after contact with electric arcs are key safety criteria.
    There has been a need for a fabric that offers: • protection 15 20 25 o inherently flame retardant throughout the life of the product o extremely lightweight fabrics for maximum protection against liquid metal splash! o the fabric stays soft after contact with flames o feels cool immediately after contact with flames o very good insulation against heat and flames • Mechanical properties and durability: o high tensile strength o low pilling o suitable abrasion properties • Physiological performance: o good thermal properties for more efficient cooling of the user o improved physiological performance of the user • Comfort: o strong and rapid absorption of moisture / good and rapid moisture management
    FOLLOW-UP 9 30 PL0536 • »« «» «*« · · · · * * «« ······················································································· • good short-term water vapor absorption capacity o cool feel • processability o textile fabric can be dyed in pieces o very high color fastness o wide range of viable colors o fabric is by means of vat dyeing, reactive dyeing or any other printable • suitable for use with dyeing systems or digital printing • wash behavior o wash stable o suitable for dry cleaning o low level of shrinkage due to washing • environment / sustainability o fibers according to ÖKOTEX Standard 100 o highly sustainable fibers
    description
    These objects have been achieved by means of a flame retardant fabric for use in personal protective clothing which offers a high degree of protection against flames and other heat sources and which is characterized in that it comprises a first fiber component, which is a flame retardant fiber, and a second fiber component, the silk is contains.
    In order to provide a very exact description of the invention, the term " fiber " as either " staple fiber " or " filament " to understand.
    Therefore, the flame resistant fibers according to the invention may be either staple fibers or filaments.
    Silk is naturally flammable, although its flammability is low. Usually, the flammability of a fiber increases with decreasing diameter. Therefore, it came as a surprise that the very fine silk exhibits such excellent flammability behavior as
    FOLLOW-UP 10 PL0536 ········································································································. «« · · · ♦♦ · · * ·· * · · «can be seen from the examples. The silk described and used in this invention has not been pretreated in any way to render it flame retardant.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the five flame retardant fibers are inherently flame retardant fibers. In particular, the flame resistant fibers are flame retardant cellulosic fibers. The flame retardant cellulosic fibers are selected from the group consisting of FR modal, FR viscose, FR lyocell fibers and mixtures thereof. The FR cellulosic fiber is a cellulose fiber which has been made flame retardant by the addition of a flame retardant during or after fiber production. In particular, the FR cellulose fibers of the yarn FR are modal fibers.
    Also preferred are embodiments in which the flame retardant fibers are selected from the group consisting of para-aramid, meta-aramid, aromatic PES, PBI, modacrylic and mixtures of these fibers. Preferably, the high temperature resistant polymer fibers are para-aramid or meta-aramid fibers.
    The silk may be in the form of either staple fibers or filaments 20. Although silk is originally made in the form of continuous filaments and would therefore usually be in filament form, silk staple fibers, which are chopped filaments, are also available.
    According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the textile fabric additionally contains a third fiber component, which is a polymer fiber.
    Preferably, the polymer fiber is a flame retardant polymer synthetic fiber, especially selected from the group consisting of para-aramid, meta-aramid, aromatic PES, PBI, PVA, modacrylic, and mixtures of these fibers.
    POSSIBLE 11 PL0536 Μ · · * · t t l l l · · 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 44 44 414 44 »4
    Also preferably, the polymer fiber may be a non-flame retardant cellulosic fiber selected from the group consisting of cotton, viscose, modal, lyocell, hemp, linen, jute, ramie and sisal. Also preferably, the polymer fiber may be a non-flame retardant synthetic fiber selected from the group consisting of polyamides (PA).
    The construction may consist of a yarn which is an intimate mixture containing the first fiber component and the second fiber component 10.
    In another preferred embodiment, the yarn additionally contains the third fiber component.
    The mixing ratio of the yarn is preferably: 40 to 60% flame retardant cellulose fibers, 15 to 3 to 10% flame retardant polymer synthetic fibers, and 40 to 60% silk.
    In the context of this invention, "% " always " weight percent ". For example, a suitable specific mixing ratio is 45% FR modal, 5% flame retardant polymer synthetic fibers and 50% silk. 20 It comes as a surprise that a textile fabric with this
    Fiber composition allows such excellent performance. In general, those skilled in the art believe that the higher the aramid fiber content, the better flame retardancy a fabric will have and the better it will provide protection. The fabric of the invention contains a high percentage of flame retardant cellulosic fiber and silk, but its performance is still better than currently available fabrics made by a high percentage or even 100% with aramid fibers.
    READY 12 PL0536 ············································································································································································································································· v * · # 9 * 9 999 9
    In addition to embodiments of the inventive sheet structure incorporating only one type of yarn, another preferred embodiment is a flame retardant fabric which is characterized in that its construction 5 comprises a first yarn consisting of the first fiber component and a second yarn, which is 100% silk filament.
    Another preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention is characterized in that its construction comprises a first yarn which is an intimate blend of the first fiber component staple fiber and the third fiber component staple fiber and a second yarn which is 100% silk filament.
    Another preferred embodiment of the fabric according to the invention is characterized in that its construction comprises a first yarn which is 100% first fiber component filament and a second yarn which is 100% silk filament.
    The textile fabric according to the invention preferably has a silk content of 10 to 50 percent by weight. In particular, the mixing ratio is in the range of 10 to 50 weight percent of low flammability cellulose fibers, 10 to 30 weight% of 20 flame retardant polymer fibers and 10 to 50 weight percent of silk staple fibers.
    In the embodiments of this invention, one or more of the individual fiber components may be spun-dyed or flake-dyed staple fiber or dyed combed draw, yarn or sheet. 25 Flame retardant polymer fibers can either be spun-dyed or dyed in a flake or staple state.
    The textile fabric according to the invention can be produced by means of weaving or knitting technology. It can also be made by a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process.
    POSSIBLE 13 PL0536 «« »· 4 · Μ« · ♦ • * φ * t Μ t «· I« · * · · · «- * · · · · · · # * ·« ····· * * ft · Ft · ft · ··· fttft *
    Antistatic properties of the fabric can be achieved by adding from 1 to 5% antistatic staple fiber to the blend or by providing an antistatic mesh by incorporating yarns into the fabric consisting of a base yarn twisted with continuous filament antistatic yarns.
    In particular, the product of the invention is a fabric consisting of a yarn which is a blend of FR modal and a para-aramid or meta-aramid or a blend of the two aramid and silk. The textile fabric can be woven, knitted or manufactured using 10 nonwoven technologies.
    The woven fabric has warp and weft which are composed of the blended yarn. The materials can also be introduced separately into the textile fabric by means of different warp and weft yarns. For example, the warp yarn may be a blend 15 of FR modal and para-aramid and the weft may be a silk staple fiber or filament yarn.
    Even though the fabric comprises a percentage of silk, the fabric has excellent flammability and protection performance. It does not burn, it does not break on contact with a flame 20, and it still provides a barrier to flames.
    Furthermore, even at a low fabric weight, the fabric provides a high level of protection against molten iron as well as excellent protection against electrical arcs. 25 The outstanding flammability and protective behavior of the textile
    Sheet of the invention was previously possible only with textile fabrics such as 100% aramid, heavy modacrylic or by treatment flame retardant made cotton blends and fibers on an inorganic basis.
    All this is achieved with a textile fabric that has a lower fabric weight, better protection, higher color fastness than others
    FOLLOW-UP 30 14 PL0536 · * ·· «· • * *
    Textile fabrics having a similar performance and the fabric is much more comfortable due to the high content of cellulose and silk fibers. *** "
    The yarn is made from staple fibers by spinning the yarn by conventional methods such as ring spinning, air jet spinning, open end spinning, vortex spinning, comb spun spinning, half worsted spinning or any of the variations of these used in the yarn spinning industry, including ripstop technology. The staple length of the fibers for the primary yarn may be between 35 mm and 160 mm inclusive. The staple length must be suitable for the selected spinning system. Filament fibers can be incorporated in the form of twisted yarn.
    The linear density (= titer) of the fibers and filaments used in the fabric is chosen to be suitable for the intended use. It is generally within the range commonly used for such textile applications. The linear density depends on the yarn spinning system used for the yarn. For a preferred embodiment of blended yarn according to the invention, during the preparatory processes prior to spinning the FR modal fiber, the para-aramid fiber and the silk fibers are mixed together in the required proportions. The yarn is an intimate blend of the three fibers, with each of the fibers being well distributed throughout the final yarn. This mixing may occur during the opening of the fibers, during carding, or during warping of the sliver.
    The mixing ratio of the yarn according to the invention is preferably 45% FR modal, 5% para-aramid and 50% silk fibers or 50% FR modal and 50% silk fibers. REPLACED | 15 PL0536 »· · · Ott * · · ♦« »* · · · · · # ♦ · · t · *« · # ♦ «« ··
    Other possible options for preferred blends include, but are not limited to, the following: 45% modacrylic, 5% para-aramid, 50% silk fibers or 50% modacrylic, 50% silk fibers, or 50% modacrylic, 10% linen - 40% silk fibers or 50% FR modal and 50% meta-aramid fiber in the chain, 100%
    Silk filament in the weft or 50% modacrylic and 50% meta-aramid fiber in the chain, 100%
    Silk filament in the weft or 80% modacrylic and 20% lyocell in the warp, 100% silk filament in the weft or 100% aramid filament in the warp and 100% silk filament in the weft.
    Antistatic properties of the fabric may be added by blending 1 to 5% antistatic fiber or by forming an antistatic grating in the fabric by means of yarns made by twisting the ground yarn with antistatic filament yarns.
    The percentage of para-aramid fiber in the yarn can be up to 30%, but the cost of the fabric increases with increasing para-aramid content, with no noticeable increase in performance in accordance with applicable standards.
    The fabric weight, construction and weave of the woven fabric are chosen to provide a fabric with the style and characteristics required for the intended use. For example, the
    POSSIBLE 16 PL0536 • · ··· «· φ« · β • · φ ·· «φφ · • · · · · · φφφ • * ♦ * · · * ···« ****** · · · ··· * · ♦ · * · φφ · »
    Fabric construction may be a plain weave, a twill weave, a hopsack tie, a satin weave, a sateen weave, or any other weave suitable for a protective apparel application. For knits a right-left fabric, Piquö or any other suitable fabric construction is possible. The fabric may have a light plain weave (i.e., 90 to 150 g / m2 basis weight) for shirt applications, racing suits, flight suits,
    Lining materials, etc. It may be a midweight twill weave (i.e., 150 to 230 g / m 2 basis weight) for pants. It may also be a heavy twill weave (i.e., having a basis weight of 230 to 400 gsm) for jackets and other types of outerwear. The basic principle of the invention can be incorporated into a wide variety of fabrics. 400 g / m2 is particularly required in the case of liquid metal splashes. It will work regardless of bond or construction, provided the right yarn blends and arrangements are used.
    The fabric of the invention can also be made by a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process. The fiber components 20 are mixed together and processed into a nonwoven fabric without first spinning a yarn. An example of such a fabric is a needled felt fabric in which the individual fiber components are blended together in a blender and then carded, cross-lapped and needled to form a fabric. Such a fabric is useful as insulative lining in a garment or could be used to make simple garments such as aprons. To improve the durability, a woven or laid grid yarn construction in the form of a scrim may also be included. Other suitable technical possibilities for such textile fabrics are spunlace hydroentanglement nonwovens.
    Application of the invention
    POSSIBLE 17 PL0536 • t · · ·· «« · < * * * * * · · · ≪ ···! * ··· * · * * ** * * ** · # · > tt »
    The product of this invention is intended to be used as one of the essential components of personal protection garments in situations where there is a risk of contact with flames, electric arcs, molten metal splashes and heat. The fabric is used to make garments which cover the user's body to protect the skin from contact with flames or other heat sources, electric arcs and liquid metal splashes that would cause injury.
    Garments are usually made by assembling cut sheet form pieces by stitching them together. The product of this invention may be the only fabric used to make a garment, or it may be a component of a garment; the other components being textile fabrics of a different design and purpose. It may also be combined with other fabrics by lamination before the fittings are cut to make the garment.
    The product of this invention may be used as a layer of fabric on the inside of a garment (innermost lining). It may be used as a layer on the outside of a garment, or it may be used as an inner component between two or more other fabrics. It can also be used to form more than one layer in the garment. For example, it could be used as the inner layer of the garment and as the outer layer of the garment, with a third layer of flame resistant insert between the inner and outer layers.
    The fabric of the invention can be used to make all types of garments where flame protection is a primary purpose. It can be used for jackets, coats, pants, shirts, polo shirts, pullovers and vests, sweatshirts, T-shirts,
    REPLACED 18 PL0536
    Socks, aprons, gloves and gauntlets, hoods as headgear, for other headgear and for any other garments that may be worn for the purpose of protecting the wearer from flames and similar hazards. A concrete use are woven fabrics for racing apparel, i. for Formula 1 racing. The fabric may also be used in other articles intended to protect persons and property from contact with flames, for example in shoe and boot components, welding shields, fire curtains, tents,
    Sleeping bags, tarpaulins and any other similar articles made wholly or partly of textile fabric.
    Colored fabrics for the intended applications are preferably realized by using partially spun dyed fibers, by piece dyeing or by printing, but generally all dyeing processes are applicable.
    example 1
    A plain weave fabric was woven from the following components:
    Yarn: A worsted yarn (Nm 70/2) in which 5% of the fibers were long staple para-aramid fibers (staple fiber type), 45% of the fibers Lenzing FR® (1/3 with 75 mm and 2/3 with 90 mm Staple length) were 2.2 dtex, 50% of the fibers were mulberry silk with an average length of 70 to 75 mm and a diameter of 11-12.5 microns. Lenzing FR® is a low-flammability modal fiber available from Lenzing AG in Austria, which is produced according to a modal process (see AT-A 1371/2009) and contains Exolit® as a flame-retardant pigment. The three fiber components were mixed together during the preliminary processing of warping the slivers. The warp count of the fabric was 28 threads per cm. The weft count was 26 threads per cm. The resulting textile fabric had a weight per unit area of 120 g / m 2.
    POSSIBLE 19 PL0536 • ♦ ♦ · ···· • · ♦ · ♦ t · ♦ · · ft
    Protection against flames:
    The resulting textile fabric could not be ignited in normal atmospheric conditions. Upon contact with flames directed at the surface of the fabric, the fabric charred but retained its structure and continued to serve as a barrier to flame. No holes were created in the textile fabric. The fabric remained soft and flexible without any breakage upon contact with flames according to EN IS015025, 10 Method A - Surface inflammation. Further, when the flame was applied to the surface of the fabric as well as throughout the 10 second flame duration, no shrinkage of the fabric was observed. Postflame and afterglow of the fabric when tested in accordance with EN ISO 15025, Method A, were 0 seconds in the warp direction and 0 seconds in the weft direction.
    From the fabric multilayer protective overalls 20 were made and assessed; the results are summarized in Table 2.
    Testing with a sensor-equipped dummy:
    According to ISO 13506.3. Heat and Flame Protective Clothing - Test Method for Full Clothing - Predicting the Probability of Burning Using a Sensitive Manikin.
    This test procedure identifies the characteristics of the heat shield represented by the clothing, which is measured by heat transfer to a life size dummy equipped with thermal sensors and attached to a recording device exposed to a laboratory-simulated fire with controlled heat flow density, duration and flame spread becomes. The measured values of heat transfer can also be used to predict the expected
    POSSIBLE 20 PL0536 »I ···« · · «0« * · · ♦ · »·« * · · «« * · · · · · · · · «· * ·· ····· * 4 «« • * ·· * · 4 Μ * *
    Calculate skin burns caused by contact. Garments made from the fabric of the invention were compared to garments made from a 100% aramid fabric. During exams 5, underwear was worn under the coveralls.
    Combustion forecast:
    Total degree of burn / total burn (%) First, second, third, fabric of the invention: 5 5,4 0 10 100% Aramid: 5,3 10,1 12,3 Dimensional change after flame contact:
    Location: (shrinkage in%) Fabric of the Invention 100% Aramid
    Overall length +1 -6% 15 Overall width +0.0 -4.0 Arm length +1.2 -5.0
    The garment made from the fabric of the invention exhibited far fewer burns compared to 100% aramid garments.
    After flame contact, the garments were removed from the manikin to measure size and shrinkage of the garment. Parts of the garments made of 100% aramid were brittle for a measurement of 25: the upper arm part of the jacket and the thigh part of the pants. The fabric of the invention remained intact. No significant damage was observed. The fabric remained flexible and did not break during the final contact. Surprisingly, there was none during the flame contact
    Shrinkage of the textile fabric of the invention. In fact, the opposite occurred: some parts of the garment became larger. The 100% aramid garment showed significant shrinkage due to the action of flame.
    REPLACED 21
    PL0536
    In the visual assessment of the garments tested, it can clearly be seen that upon flame contact, the garment made from the fabric of the invention provides better protection since it also shrinks much less than the comparative aramid garment.
    Check for mechanical properties:
    The results of the tensile tests according to ISO 13937-2 for the fabric of the invention are compared in Table 1 with some of the other 10 products currently used in personal protective clothing.
    The fabric of the invention has higher tear strength compared to most of the other materials available on the market. 15
    Testing for comfort: Results according to Table 1 The fabric was tested for comfort and physiological properties using the Alambeta test - wall penetration coefficient: The Alambeta test measures the rate of transfer of body heat through the fabric. Textile fabrics with a high heat penetration coefficient feel cooler and this increases their wearing comfort. Referring to the results of Table 1, the fabric of the invention has the highest heat penetration coefficient, giving the coolest sheet feel.
    Short-time water vapor absorption Fi:
    The fabric was tested for short term water vapor uptake [Fi] according to EN 30 ISO 31092 using the human skin modeling device. A high water vapor absorption capacity indicates that the textile fabric is able to positively manage the moisture in its environment. This helps to keep the body dry and cool. Referring to the results of Table 1, the fabric of the invention has the highest
    NAOHGEREICHT 22 PL0536
    Short-term water vapor absorption on, which has the best comfort. This can help to avoid the risk of heat stress and heat stroke, and improves the physiological performance of the wearer 5 Testing for color fastness:
    Due to the use of 100% spun-dyed fibers or high quality dyeing processes, high color fastness can be achieved because colors never wash or wear out. 10 Example 2:
    A plain weave fabric was woven from the following components:
    Warp yarn: a worsted yarn (Nm 70/2) in which 50% of the fiber was 15 long staple meta-aramid fibers (fiber type), 49% of the Lenzing FR® fiber (1/3 with 75 mm and 2/3 with 90 mm Staple length) were 2.2 dtex, 1% of the fiber was antistatic fiber. Lenzing FR® is a low-flammability modal fiber available from Lenzing AG in Austria, which is produced according to a modal process (see AT-A1371 / 2009) and contains Exolit® 20 as a flame-retardant pigment.
    Schussgam: silk filament tram 20/22 denier, 8-fold doubled, with European twist, S250 tpm, degummed and not weighted.
    The yarn components were used as a warp and weft to make a woven fabric. 25
    The fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 were subjectively evaluated and compared to commercial fabrics used for personal protective apparel. The results are shown in Table 1. For each parameter evaluated, the textile fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 achieved the highest possible rating. No other of the evaluated fabrics reached this level in the evaluation.
    REPLACED 23 • «« · * · · ♦
    Table 1 - Results Performance of textile fabrics Color fastness to light IO IO 2-3 Air permeability l / m2 / sec 518 1300 386 301 370 Short-time water vapor absorption [Fi] ___ 6,31 h- hT 3.99 5.1 3.94 Heat penetration coefficient Alambeta 164 177 129 CO CO f- 120 Tear resistance i Weft cm I 33 't CD CM Tear strength Chain 27! CM CO CO CO CO CM Tensile Strength Shot 599 789 399 387 756 Tensile strength Chain 477 528 450 410 '523 Weight (g / m2) 120 I 110 150 160! 120 Textile Example 1 Example 2 Modacrylic / cotton Aramid made by treatment of flame-retardant cotton
    REPLACED PL0536
    The textile fabrics of Examples 1 and 2 were also tested in a complete sandwich composite, as it is used for motor sports protective clothing. Table 2 shows the result compared to a 100% meta-aramid composite, the current benchmark for racing apparel 5 fabrics. Each of the three tested complete sandwich composites had the same thermal insulation layer and a lining of the same surface area loose. Only the face material for the upper has been changed. The fabrics of the invention, Examples 1 and 2, provide superior protection, although flammable silk fiber is used. The 100% aramid fabric had significant hole formation, whereas fabrics of Example 1 and Example 2 did not crack during testing. 15 | REPLACED | 25 PL0536 * · · · · «« «I * I» I ««
    Table 2 Results Comparison sheet composite '.
    composite structure
    uppers
    thermal insulation
    feed
    Total weight composite gfm2
    preparation
    Flame retardant performance according to EN IS015025 surface inflammation_
    Flame heat transfer according to EN 367 Heat transfer index HTI 24 sec.
    Sheet test after heat transfer
    Test data comfort
    Air permeability EN ISO 9237 l / m2 * s @ 2m bar_
    Rct body warmth resistance ISO 11092 m2K / W
    RET water vapor resistance ISO 11092 m2Pa / W
    Moisture transmission index imt ISO 11092 Heat transfer coefficient Alambeta
    Short-time water vapor absorption Fi ISO 11092 g / m2 ____
    Example 1 50% Lenzing FR® 50% silk, intimate mixture 100% flame retardant synthetic fiber 100% aramid knit 341 15 washes according to EN ISO 6330, 60 ° C + tumble dryer 0 sec. Afterflame 0 sec. Afterglow no hole formation
    Example 2
    Chain: 50% Lenzing FR® 50% meta-aramid Weft: 100% silk filament 100% flame retardant synthetic fiber 100% aramid knit 348 15 washes according to EN ISO 6330,60 ° C + tumble dryer 0 sec. Afterflame 0 sec. Afterglow no pitting 100% Meta-Ai 100% flame retardant 100% Aramid 352 15 washes ISO 6330,60 ° tumbler 1 sec. Nachfla 0 sec. NachgK no hole pattern
    No breaking up 518 1300
    37C 0,149 11,12 0,75 164 6,31 0,153 11,03 0,83 177 7,17 0,15 11,5 0.8
    12C 3.9 <
    REPLACED 26 PL0536
    Example 3
    A twill weave fabric was woven from the following components: 5 yarn: A spun yarn (Nm 38/2) in which 50% of the fiber was Lenzing FR® (2.2 dtex, 51mm), 40% mulberry silk staple fiber with an average length of 50 mm and a diameter of 11-12.5 micrometers and 10% of the fiber were high-strength PA6, Lenzing FR® is a flame retardant 10 modal fiber obtainable from Lenzing AG in Austria, which is manufactured according to a modal method (see AT-A 1371/2009). produced and contains Exolit® as an incorporated flame retardant pigment. The three fiber components were mixed together during the preliminary processing of warping the slivers. The resulting fabric had a basis weight 15 of 360 gsm.
    Protection against flames:
    The resulting fabric could not be ignited in normal atmospheric conditions. Upon contact with flames directed at the surface of the fabric, the fabric charred but retained its structure and continued to serve as a barrier to flame. After contact with flames according to EN ISO 15025, method A (surface ignition), no holes were formed in the fabric. Further, when the flame was directed to the surface of the fabric and throughout the 10 second flame duration, no heat shrinkage of the fabric was observed.
    Afterflame and afterglow of the fabric at test 30 according to EN ISO 15025, method A, were 0 seconds in the warp direction and 0 seconds in the weft direction.
    Protection against metal splashes:
    | REPLACED 27 PL0536
    ♦ ·············································································································································································································································· · * ·· * ♦ ··· ··· φ
    The fabric of the invention has been tested according to ISO 9185 and classified according to EN ISO 11612. Despite its relatively low product weight of 360 g / m2, the result corresponded to the highest achievable degree of protection: E3 (iron splatter). By comparison, a typical textile fabric already used to protect against ferrous metal spatter has a product weight of 400 g / m2 and offers only a degree of protection E1.
    This test assesses the ability of the fabric to withstand a certain amount of liquid metal and how the metal interacts with the fabric. The best performing materials retain their structure and the metal does not adhere to the surface. Damage caused to the fabric is minimized. The fabric was also tested according to 15 code letter D (liquid aluminum splashes) and achieved with D3 the highest rating for protection against aluminum metal splashes.
    Further, the fabric was subjected to the following other metal sprays: 20 Cryolite (aluminum bath), brass, lead, zinc, steel, copper, magnesium, gold and silver.
    It also showed excellent performance, with no metal adhering to the fabric, no breakage of the fabric, no damage to the skin simulation 25 used directly under the fabric.
    Protection against electrical arcs:
    The fabric of the invention has been tested according to EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2,4kA and 7kA. The fabric passed the required 30 Stoll criteria for 4kA with excellent values and exhibited no breakage of the fabric in a single layer when tested at 7kA.
    The Stoll curve is a curve of heat energy and time, which is compiled from data on the compatibility of human tissue with heat
    REPLACED 28 PL0536 and used to predict the onset of second-degree burns {cited from EN ISO IEC 61482 1-2).
    Testing for mechanical properties: 5 The results of the ISO 13937-2 buffing test compared to some of the other products currently used in personal protective clothing were as shown in Table 3 below: 10 Table 3 - Results Performance Textile fabrics Textile fabrics Weight (g / m2) Tear strength Chain Tear strength Weft Textile fabric of the invention 360 73 68 Modacrylic / cotton 310 30 29 Cotton made flame retardant by treatment 340 28 29
    The fabric of the invention has higher tear strength as compared to most of the other commercially available materials of similar weight. Similar blends with PVA fibers in place of or in addition to PA have been developed and have also shown considerable results in tests for protection against liquid metal splatter and electric arcs.
    REPLACED 29
    权利要求:
    Claims (22)
    [1]
    PL0536 • t · «·· * · * · t 4 * · ·· # m« 14 4 4 • 4 4 * · 4

    Claims 1. A flame retardant fabric for use in personal protective clothing, which offers a high degree of protection against flames and other heat sources, characterized in that it contains a first fiber component, which is a flame retardant fiber, and a second fiber component, which is silk ,
    [2]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant fibers are inherently flame retardant fibers.
    [3]
    3. A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant fibers are flame retardant cellulosic fibers.
    [4]
    The flame retardant fabric of claim 3, wherein the flame retardant cellulosic fibers are selected from the group consisting of FR modal, FR viscose, FR lyocell fibers, and mixtures thereof.
    [5]
    The flame retardant fabric of claim 1, wherein the flame resistant fibers are selected from the group consisting of para-aramid, meta-aramid, aromatic PES, PBI, PVA, modacrylic, and blends of these fibers.
    [6]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the flame retardant fibers are either staple fibers or filaments.
    [7]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the silk is in the form of either staple fibers or filaments.
    [8]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, wherein the fabric additionally contains a third fiber component which is a polymer fiber. FOLLOWED 30 PL0536
    [9]
    The flame retardant fabric of claim 8, wherein the polymer fiber is a flame retardant polymer synthetic fiber, preferably selected from the group consisting of para-aramid, meta-aramid, aromatic PES, PBI, modacrylic, and mixtures of these fibers.
    [10]
    The fabric of claim 8, wherein the polymeric fiber is a non-flame retardant cellulosic fiber selected from the group consisting of cotton, viscose, modal, lyocell, hemp, linen, jute, ramie and sisal.
    [11]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that its construction consists of a yarn which is an intimate mixture containing the first fiber component and the second fiber component.
    [12]
    12. Flame retardant textile fabric according to claim 11, characterized in that the yarn additionally contains the third fiber component.
    [13]
    13. A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that its construction comprises a first yarn consisting of the first fiber component and a second yarn which is 20-100% silk filament.
    [14]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that its construction comprises a first yarn which is an intimate blend of the first fiber component staple fiber and the third fiber component staple fiber and a second yarn which is 100% silk filament.
    [15]
    A flame retardant fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that its construction comprises a first yarn which is 100% first fiber component filament and a second yarn which is 100% silk filament. | READY 31 • ♦ · · · · · · • • • 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 PL0536
    [16]
    16. Textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized by a silk content of 10 to 50 weight percent.
    [17]
    The fabric of claim 8, wherein the blending ratio is in the range of 10 to 50 weight percent 5 low flammability cellulose fibers, 10 to 30 weight percent flame retardant polymer fibers, and 10 to 50 weight percent silk staple fibers.
    [18]
    18. A fabric according to claim 1, which has been made antistatic by addition of 1% to 5% of an antistatic staple fiber.
    [19]
    A fabric according to claim 1, which has been rendered antistatic by incorporating a grid pattern of yarns made of a ground yarn twisted with continuous filament antistatic filament yarn.
    [20]
    The fabric of claim 1, wherein one or more of the 15 individual fiber components are spun-dyed or flake-dyed staple fiber or dyed combed drawstrings, yarn or sheet [flame retardant polymer fibers may be either spun-dyed or dyed in a flake or staple state]. 20
    [21]
    21. Textile fabric according to claim 1, produced by means of weaving or knitting technology.
    [22]
    The fabric of claim 1 made by a nonwoven fabric manufacturing process. SUBSEQUENT 32
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2014015351A1|2014-01-30|
    AT513219B1|2015-08-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE10133787A1|2001-07-16|2003-02-06|Basf Ag|Flame retardant textile fabrics|
    DE10361063A1|2003-12-22|2005-07-21|W.L. Gore & Associates Gmbh|Material for protective clothing|
    WO2012040332A2|2010-09-23|2012-03-29|Invista Technologies S.A R.L.|Flame retardant fibers, yarns, and fabrics made therefrom|
    US20120156486A1|2010-12-20|2012-06-21|Lenzing Ag|Flame retardant cellulosic man-made fibers|
    IL36371A|1970-03-17|1975-06-25|Chiarotto N|Flameproof composite yarns|
    US4950540A|1987-10-28|1990-08-21|The Dow Chemical Company|Method of improving the flame retarding and fire blocking characteristics of a fiber tow or yarn|
    BR9914452A|1998-09-28|2001-08-14|Du Pont|Flame resistant fabric, protective clothing, canvas or tent|
    DE112006001090T5|2005-04-28|2008-03-20|Mckinnon-Land, Llc|Flame resistant matelasse fabric|
    KR20070100539A|2006-04-07|2007-10-11|황덕열|Flamesafe mixed yarn|CN104120536B|2014-07-07|2015-09-30|西安工程大学|A kind of fire-retardant comfort fabrics and preparation method thereof|
    EP3467171A1|2017-10-06|2019-04-10|Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft|Lyocell filament denim|
    RU189219U1|2018-10-15|2019-05-16|Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Сезон" |KNITTING FIRE-, HEAT-RESISTANT FUTTING CLOTH "NETHOGON 400"|
    EP3747295A1|2020-01-21|2020-12-09|Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft|Footwear that contains a lyocell continuous filament yarn|
    法律状态:
    2021-03-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20200723 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA818/2012A|AT513219B1|2012-07-23|2012-07-23|Flame retardant textile fabric for protective clothing|ATA818/2012A| AT513219B1|2012-07-23|2012-07-23|Flame retardant textile fabric for protective clothing|
    PCT/AT2013/000106| WO2014015351A1|2012-07-23|2013-06-27|Flame resistant fabric for protective clothing|
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